Linux export 命令
Linux export 命令用於設置或顯示環境變數。
在 shell 中執行程式時,shell 會提供一組環境變數。export 可新增,修改或刪除環境變數,供後續執行的程式使用。export 的效力僅限於該次登陸操作。
語法
export [-fnp][變數名稱]=[變數設置值]
參數說明:
- -f 代表[變數名稱]中為函數名稱。
- -n 刪除指定的變數。變數實際上並未刪除,只是不會輸出到後續指令的執行環境中。
- -p 列出所有的shell賦予程式的環境變數。
實例
列出當前所有的環境變數
# export -p //列出當前的環境變數值 declare -x HOME=“/root“ declare -x LANG=“zh_CN.UTF-8“ declare -x LANGUAGE=“zh_CN:zh“ declare -x LESSCLOSE=“/usr/bin/lesspipe %s %s“ declare -x LESSOPEN=“| /usr/bin/lesspipe %s“ declare -x LOGNAME=“root“ declare -x LS_COLORS=““ declare -x MAIL=“/var/mail/root“ declare -x OLDPWD declare -x PATH=“/opt/toolchains/arm920t-eabi/bin:/opt/toolchains/arm920t-eabi/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games“ declare -x PWD=“/root“ declare -x SHELL=“/bin/bash“ declare -x SHLVL=“1“ declare -x SPEECHD_PORT=“6560“ declare -x SSH_CLIENT=“192.168.1.65 1674 22“ declare -x SSH_CONNECTION=“192.168.1.65 1674 192.168.1.3 22“ declare -x SSH_TTY=“/dev/pts/2“ declare -x TERM=“XTERM“ declare -x USER=“root“ declare -x XDG_SESSION_COOKIE=“93b5d3d03e032c0cf892a4474bebda9f-1273864738.954257-340206484“
定義環境變數
# export MYENV //定義環境變數 # export -p //列出當前的環境變數 declare -x HOME=“/root“ declare -x LANG=“zh_CN.UTF-8“ declare -x LANGUAGE=“zh_CN:zh“ declare -x LESSCLOSE=“/usr/bin/lesspipe %s %s“ declare -x LESSOPEN=“| /usr/bin/lesspipe %s“ declare -x LOGNAME=“root“ declare -x LS_COLORS=““ declare -x MAIL=“/var/mail/root“ declare -x MYENV declare -x OLDPWD declare -x PATH=“/opt/toolchains/arm920t-eabi/bin:/opt/toolchains/arm920t-eabi/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games“ declare -x PWD=“/root“ declare -x SHELL=“/bin/bash“ declare -x SHLVL=“1“ declare -x SPEECHD_PORT=“6560“ declare -x SSH_CLIENT=“192.168.1.65 1674 22“ declare -x SSH_CONNECTION=“192.168.1.65 1674 192.168.1.3 22“ declare -x SSH_TTY=“/dev/pts/2“ declare -x TERM=“XTERM“ declare -x USER=“root“ declare -x XDG_SESSION_COOKIE=“93b5d3d03e032c0cf892a4474bebda9f-1273864738.954257-340206484“
定義環境變數賦值
# export MYENV=7 //定義環境變數並賦值 # export -p declare -x HOME=“/root“ declare -x LANG=“zh_CN.UTF-8“ declare -x LANGUAGE=“zh_CN:zh“ declare -x LESSCLOSE=“/usr/bin/lesspipe %s %s“ declare -x LESSOPEN=“| /usr/bin/lesspipe %s“ declare -x LOGNAME=“root“ declare -x LS_COLORS=““ declare -x MAIL=“/var/mail/root“ declare -x MYENV=“7“ declare -x OLDPWD declare -x PATH=“/opt/toolchains/arm920t-eabi/bin:/opt/toolchains/arm920t-eabi/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games“ declare -x PWD=“/root“ declare -x SHELL=“/bin/bash“ declare -x SHLVL=“1“ declare -x SPEECHD_PORT=“6560“ declare -x SSH_CLIENT=“192.168.1.65 1674 22“ declare -x SSH_CONNECTION=“192.168.1.65 1674 192.168.1.3 22“ declare -x SSH_TTY=“/dev/pts/2“ declare -x TERM=“XTERM“ declare -x USER=“root“ declare -x XDG_SESSION_COOKIE=“93b5d3d03e032c0cf892a4474bebda9f-1273864738.954257-340206484“