這個例子將創建一個簡單的 Java 專案結構，並演示如何使用 Hibernate 在Spring框架進行 MySQL 資料庫的數據處理工作(插入，選擇，更新和刪除)。
最終專案結構
最終的專案檔結構應該看起來如下面的圖中顯示。
1.創建表
在MySQL資料庫中創建一張 “stock”表。 SQL語句如下：
CREATE TABLE `zaixian`.`stock` ( `STOCK_ID` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `STOCK_CODE` varchar(10) NOT NULL, `STOCK_NAME` varchar(20) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`STOCK_ID`) USING BTREE, UNIQUE KEY `UNI_STOCK_NAME` (`STOCK_NAME`), UNIQUE KEY `UNI_STOCK_ID` (`STOCK_CODE`) USING BTREE ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
2. Model & BO & DAO
模型中，業務對象(BO)和數據訪問對象(DAO)模式是有助於清楚地識別層，以避免弄亂專案結構。
Stock Model
Stock 模型類以後用於存儲庫存數據。
package com.zaixian.stock.model;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class Stock implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private Long stockId;
private String stockCode;
private String stockName;
//getter and setter methods...
}
Stock Business Object (BO))
Stock 業務對象(BO)介面和實現，它是用來存儲專案的業務功能，真正的資料庫操作(CRUD)的工作不應該參與這一個類，而是有一個DAO(StockDao)類來做到這一點。
package com.zaixian.stock.bo;
import com.zaixian.stock.model.Stock;
public interface StockBo {
void save(Stock stock);
void update(Stock stock);
void delete(Stock stock);
Stock findByStockCode(String stockCode);
}
package com.zaixian.stock.bo.impl;
import com.zaixian.stock.bo.StockBo;
import com.zaixian.stock.dao.StockDao;
import com.zaixian.stock.model.Stock;
public class StockBoImpl implements StockBo{
StockDao stockDao;
public void setStockDao(StockDao stockDao) {
this.stockDao = stockDao;
}
public void save(Stock stock){
stockDao.save(stock);
}
public void update(Stock stock){
stockDao.update(stock);
}
public void delete(Stock stock){
stockDao.delete(stock);
}
public Stock findByStockCode(String stockCode){
return stockDao.findByStockCode(stockCode);
}
}
Stock Data Access Object
Stock DAO介面和實現，DAO實現類擴展了 Spring 的“HibernateDaoSupport”，以使Spring框架支持Hibernate。 現在，你可以通過getHibernateTemplate()執行 Hibernate 功能。
package com.zaixian.stock.dao;
import com.zaixian.stock.model.Stock;
public interface StockDao {
void save(Stock stock);
void update(Stock stock);
void delete(Stock stock);
Stock findByStockCode(String stockCode);
}
package com.zaixian.stock.dao.impl;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import com.zaixian.stock.dao.StockDao;
import com.zaixian.stock.model.Stock;
public class StockDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements StockDao{
public void save(Stock stock){
getHibernateTemplate().save(stock);
}
public void update(Stock stock){
getHibernateTemplate().update(stock);
}
public void delete(Stock stock){
getHibernateTemplate().delete(stock);
}
public Stock findByStockCode(String stockCode){
List list = getHibernateTemplate().find(
"from Stock where stockCode=?",stockCode
);
return (Stock)list.get(0);
}
}
5.資源配置
用於存儲 Spring，Hibernate 等配置檔。
Hibernate Configuration
創建 Hibernate 映射檔(Stock.hbm.xml)的 Stock 表，把它放在“resources/hibernate/”檔夾中。
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.zaixian.stock.model.Stock" table="stock" catalog="zaixian">
<id name="stockId" type="java.lang.Long">
<column name="STOCK_ID" />
<generator class="identity" />
</id>
<property name="stockCode" type="string">
<column name="STOCK_CODE" length="10" not-null="true" unique="true" />
</property>
<property name="stockName" type="string">
<column name="STOCK_NAME" length="20" not-null="true" unique="true" />
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
Spring Configuration
Database related….
創建一個屬性檔(database.properties)資料庫的詳細資訊，把它放在“resources/properties” 檔夾中。這是很好的做法，不同於資料庫細節並將 Spring bean 配置成不同的檔。
database.properties
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/zaixian jdbc.username=root jdbc.password=password
為你的資料庫創建一個“dataSource” bean配置檔(DataSource.xml)，並從database.properties導入的屬性，把它放入到 “resources/database” 檔夾中。
DataSource.xml
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
<bean
class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="location">
<value>properties/database.properties</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
</bean>
</beans>
Hibernate 關聯….
創建一個會話工廠 bean 配置檔(Hibernate.xml)，把它放入 “resources/database” 檔夾中。這個 LocalSessionFactoryBean 中設置一個共用的 Hibernate SessionFactory 在一個 Spring 應用程式上下文。
Hibernate.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
<!-- Hibernate session factory -->
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource">
<ref bean="dataSource"/>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="mappingResources">
<list>
<value>/hibernate/Stock.hbm.xml</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
Spring beans related….
創建一個bean配置檔(Stock.xml)的BO和DAO類，把它放入 “resources/spring” 檔夾中。依賴的 DAO(stockDao)bean 注入到 bo(stockBo)bean; SessionFactory 的 bean 成stockDao。
Stock.xml
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
<!-- Stock business object -->
<bean id="stockBo" class="com.zaixian.stock.bo.impl.StockBoImpl" >
<property name="stockDao" ref="stockDao" />
</bean>
<!-- Stock Data Access Object -->
<bean id="stockDao" class="com.zaixian.stock.dao.impl.StockDaoImpl" >
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
導入所有的Spring bean配置檔合併為一個檔(BeanLocations.xml)，把它變成了“resources/config”檔夾。
BeanLocations.xml
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd"> <!-- Database Configuration --> <import resource="../database/DataSource.xml"/> <import resource="../database/Hibernate.xml"/> <!-- Beans Declaration --> <import resource="../beans/Stock.xml"/> </beans>
6. 運行它
把所有的檔和配置，運行它。
package com.xuhuhu.common;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.zaixian.stock.bo.StockBo;
import com.zaixian.stock.model.Stock;
public class App
{
public static void main( String[] args )
{
ApplicationContext appContext =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring/config/BeanLocations.xml");
StockBo stockBo = (StockBo)appContext.getBean("stockBo");
/** insert **/
Stock stock = new Stock();
stock.setStockCode("7668");
stock.setStockName("HAIO");
stockBo.save(stock);
/** select **/
Stock stock2 = stockBo.findByStockCode("7668");
System.out.println(stock2);
/** update **/
stock2.setStockName("HAIO-1");
stockBo.update(stock2);
/** delete **/
stockBo.delete(stock2);
System.out.println("Done");
}
}
輸出結果：
Hibernate: insert into zaixian.stock (STOCK_CODE, STOCK_NAME) values (?, ?) Hibernate: select stock0_.STOCK_ID as STOCK1_0_, stock0_.STOCK_CODE as STOCK2_0_, stock0_.STOCK_NAME as STOCK3_0_ from zaixian.stock stock0_ where stock0_.STOCK_CODE=? Stock [stockCode=7667, stockId=1, stockName=HAIO] Hibernate: update zaixian.stock set STOCK_CODE=?, STOCK_NAME=? where STOCK_ID=? Done